A study of Great Baddow
Introduction
Most
people, I suspect, have kept old school
books and perhaps college
work and they are gathering dust in their lofts never to see the light
of day
again. This study would have remained one of these, until in a chance
discussion with Ann Whalley about the compilation of the Oral History
of Great
Baddow I told her of my work on Great Baddow. She showed interest and
so I
dusted it down and lent it to her, never expecting matters to progress
this
far. She told me that Allen Buckroyd was typing it up for the Great
Baddow
archives and this took several years. When he told me it was finally
typed and
that he wanted to publish it, I had severe reservations. I had not read
it
since 1963 and I had no idea if it was worth going any further.
Having now read it again, I can see that by today’s standards it would not pass as an academic piece, as the facts are not fully referenced and I think that I have quoted from other people’s work without acknowledgements. I was faced with completely retracing my research and doing it all over again, or allowing it to be published for what it is, i.e. just a teacher training college project to show that I could research a topic and it provides a snap shot of the village at that time.
As Allen Buckroyd had done so much work I did not feel that I could abandon it altogether so here is our joint effort, warts and all, and I hope that our readers will enjoy browsing through it.
Incidentally I went on to teach at Meadgate School, Great Baddow, from 1965 to 1970 and later went in to the Adult Education sector organising classes for language skills for English and non-English speakers.
I have retained my love of history and belong to the Essex Family History Society.
My thanks go to Allen Buckroyd for his valiant work in the typing and editing of this work and to Ronnie Crowe who gave me some of his photos of Great Baddow back in 1962.
I must also sincerely thank my cousin Shirley Green (née Smith) who painstakingly typed this project from my original notes in the days before correcting facilities,
If readers have any comments to make I would be pleased to receive them.
Christine Goldstone (née Steele)
March 2007
Email: christine.goldstone@blueyonder.co.uk
(NB. Bearing in mind that Christine wrote the original manuscript in 1962, explanatory notes have been added to assist the reader . This has enabled the integrity of the original text to be retained as far as possible. Allen Buckroyd, July 2007).
Background - The Girl Who’s Chasing Memories
(The Essex Chronicle, Friday August 24 1962)
She’s writing the History of her Village
No one living in Great Baddow should be surprised to hear a knock on the front door and find pretty Christine Steele outside ready with her notebook, asking questions about the history and geography of the village.
Christine, aged 19, lives in Winchelsea Drive, Great Baddow. She came to live in the village 10 years ago and was a pupil at Sandon Secondary Modern School.
Even in her schooldays Christine showed a great interest in history. “It has always been my weakness”, she told a reporter.
Now, a student at Coventry Teachers’Training College, Christine is preparing a historical and geographical study of her village, Great Baddow. The work is for her college-but she has collected enough material for a book-"although of course it won't be published", said Christine.
Christine’s sources of information are both official and unexpected. For the past fortnight she has spent many afternoons poring over old books, maps and documents at the Essex Record Office in Chelmsford. And at weekends she visits people in their homes at Great Baddow to ask what they remember of the village in days gone by.
MEMORIES
“I
am hoping people will write and tell
me
their childhood memories of the village and the changes that have taken
place”,
said Christine.
“The
Study of the Parish of Great Baddow” will be illustrated.
Christine has
borrowed some old photographs and drawings and has been busy with her
own
camera, too.
Christine
drew a blank on one of her
investigations. She went to visit an old house of historical interest
she had
heard of in the village – only to be told by the owner of a
nearby farm, “It
was taken down and transported to America
many years ago”. (See Plate 17)
But the young and enthusiastic chronicler
of Great Baddow is not only interested in the past. She enjoys cycling,
and has
won her bronze medal for swimming. And she is looking forward to the
end of her
college training when she will be making her own pupils as enthusiastic
about
her favourite subject as she is herself.
Contents of the Book
| Chapter 1- Geological Setting | Page |
| Relief & Geology | 1 |
| Map 1 showing position of Gt.Baddow within Essex | 2 |
| Map 2 showing Relief & Drainage | 2 |
| Map 3 showing geology and Settlement of Gt.Baddow | 3 |
| The Soil | 4 |
| Drainage to River Chelmer | 4 |
| Map 4 showing furthest extent of ice sheet | 5 |
| The Climate | 6 |
| Housing & Amenities | 6 |
| Map 5 showing Estates & Public Houses | 6 |
| Sewerage System | 7 |
| Map 6 showing sewerage system | 7 |
| Map 7 showing Water Supply | 8 |
| Water Supply | 8 |
| Electricity Supply | 8 |
| Gas Supply | 8 |
| Baddow Brook Study Part l | 9 |
| Sketch Map 8 showing geology relating to Baddow Brook | 9 |
| Baddow Brook I | 10 |
| Baddow Brook 2 | 10 |
| Baddow Brook 3 | 11 |
| Sketch Map 9 showing proximity of Gt.Baddow to Chelmsford & River Chelmer | 11 |
| Sketch Map 10 showing position of Parish Church in Relation to Roads and Relief | 12 |
| Baddow Brook Study Part 2 | 13 |
| Photo 1 & Photo 2 | 13 |
| Photo 3 & Photo 4 | 14 |
| Photo 5 & Photo 6 | 15 |
| Photo 7 & Photo 8 | 16 |
| Photo 8a & Photo 9 | 17 |
| Photo 10 & Photo 11 | 18 |
| Photo 12 & Photo 13 | 19 |
| Photo 14 | 20 |
| Chapter 2 – The History of Great Baddow | Page |
| Introduction | 21 |
| Archaeology in the Chelmsford Area | 21 |
| Land Ownership | 21 |
| The Parish of Great Baddow | 23 |
| Disease in the 14th Century | 24 |
| Chantries and Recusants | 24 |
| The Civil War | 26 |
| The Wool Slump | 26 |
| The Field System | 26 |
| Roads | 26 |
| Canals | 27 |
| Schools | 27 |
| Tithes | 28 |
| Poor Law | 29 |
| Industry | 30 |
| Churches | 31 |
| Postal Service | 31 |
| The Changing Face of Great Baddow | 31 |
| The Future Direction | 31 |
| Great Baddow Tithe Maps | 32 |
| Tithe Map1 | 33 |
| Tithe Map 2 | 34 |
| Chapter 3 – Family History | Page |
| The People | 35 |
| The Crabb Family | 35 |
| The Newman/Jordan Family | 36 |
| Chart to show use of Village by a typical family | 39 |
| Footnote | 39 |
| Photographs - Intro | Page |
| Plate 1 - Gt.Baddow 1962 | 42 |
| Plate 2 – Whitehorse Inn around 1900 | 43 |
| Plate 3 – Village Centre around 1900 | 43 |
| Plate 4 – Baddow Meads | 44 |
| Plate 5 – Swimmers at Chelmer Navigation Lock | 44 |
| Plate 6 – Blue Lion, looking towards Chelmsford | 45 |
| Plate 7 – Maldon Road, looking towards Chelmsford | 45 |
| Plate 8 – Aerial View of Gt.Baddow, looking NW | 46 |
| Plate 9 - Aerial View of Gt.Baddow, detail | 47 |
| Plate 10 – Village Centre in 1962 | 48 |
| Plate 11 – Baddow village centre in 1902 | 49 |
| Plate 12 – Brewery buildings | 50 |
| Plate 13 – View of Church Street | 50 |
| Plate 14 – Brewery, rear view | 50 |
| Plate 15 – Baddow Place | 51 |
| Plate 16 – Branwoods | 51 |
| Plate 17 – Great Sir Hughes | 52 |
| Plate 18 – Church Street & Jackson’s garage | 52 |
| Plate 19 – Typical Middle Class Family Houses | 53 |
| Plate 20 – Rothman’s School | 53 |
| Plate 21 – Jackson Family about 1900 | 54 |
| Plate 22 – St.Mary’s Church, early 20th Century | 54 |
| Plate 23 – Plan of Gt. Baddow village 1816 | 55 |
| Plate 24 – Roads in Gt. Baddow Area 1815 | 56 |
| Figure 1 – Brass Rubbing of Pascall + Lewkar Arms | 57 |
| References | 58 |
| Appendices | Page |
| Appendix A – Table of Ownership of the Manor | A-1,2 |
| Ownership of the Second Manor | A-3 |
| Appendix B – Table of Population | B-1 |
| Appendix C – Crabb Family Land Holdings in 1838 | C-1 |